Saposhnikovia, Fang Feng, 防风

Ledebouriella, Chinese Siler
Fang Feng (TCM)
Saposhnikovia divaricata (syn. Siler divaricata)
Ledebour, Icones plantarum novarum, 1829

Peucedanum terebinthaceum
(Photo by Qwert1234) (Wikimedia)

Saposhnikovia Fang Feng sliced root (Adam, 2017)

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Botanical name:

Saposhnikovia divaricata (syn. Siler divaricatum, Ledebouriella divaricata, Stenocoelium divaricatum, Ferula seseloides)
This was formerly assigned to Siler genus, and may in general be used for Western (Mountain) Siler, Siler montane.

Parts used:

Root

Temperature & Taste:

Warm, dry. Pungent, Sweet
‘It is a drug of moistening quality among drugs having the function of dispersing Wind’. (Li Gao)

Classification:

A. Clear Exterior Wind-Cold

Uses:

1. Clears Wind-Cold, Resists Poison, Promotes Sweat:
-Cold, Flu
-acute Headache, chills, body aches
-“Good for treating Leprosy”. (Shen Nong Ben Cao)
-“neutralizes toxin of Aconitum Fu Zi“. (Xu Zhi Cai)

2. Clears Wind-Damp, Eases Pain:
-wind-damp muscles and joint pain, especially of an acute nature with moving pain
-also for moving type chronic muscle and joint pain
-also for skin diseases such as Eczema and Psoriasis, especially with itching

3. Settles Wind, Stops Spasms:
-Spasms or Trembling of the hands and feet; Tetanus
-Headache and Migraine
-“Regulates Qi of the Liver” (Wang Hao Gu)
-‘relieves Vertigo and Headache due to Wind’ (Shen Nong Ben Cao)

4. Benefits Qi:
-“tonifies the interior, improves the spiritual condition … good for treating the 5 Overstrains and 7 Harms” (Da Ming)
-“Long-term taking of the drug makes one feel happy” (Shen Nong Ben Cao)
–“ante- and post¬partum diseases” (Ben Cao Gang Mu)

5. Stops Bleeding:
-the carbonized root is used to stop Bleeding

Dose:

Powder: 1–3 grams
Decoction: 3–9 grams

Preparations:
… available in PRO version.

Comment:

… available in PRO version.

Main Combinations:

1. Wind-Cold Cold and Flu:
i. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iv. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
v. with deficiency, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
2. Wind-Heat Cold and Flu:
i. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iii. with interior Heat, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
3. Allergy (Asthma, Chronic Urticaria), Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
4. Arthritic and Rheumatic Pain:
i. Wind-Damp Joint pain, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. moving Lower Back Pain, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iii. Severe Wind-Cold-Damp joint pain, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iv. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
v. Wind-Cold-Damp Rheumatic pain, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
vi. Wind-Heat-Damp Rheumatic pain, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
5. Wind-Phlegm disorders, with heaviness, body aches, numbness:
i. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
6. Wind headache:
i. Frontal, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iii. Acute Wind-Cold, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iv. Internal Wind, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
7. Chronic Infantile Convulsions:
i. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
8. Urticaria, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
9. Eczema:
i. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
iii. with Heat in the blood and Blood stasis, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
10. Grinding of the Teeth, Tetany, Spasms of the limbs:
i. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
11. Toothache from Stomach Fire, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
12. Wind-Damp-Cold diarrhea:
i. Dry-fried Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
ii. Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
13. Blood in the Stool, stir-fried Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.
14. Wind in the Uterus, Saposhnikovia Fang Feng with … available in PRO version.

Major Formulas

Bai Zhu Shao Yao San
Chai Hu Qing Gan Tang
Chuan Xiong Cha Tiao San
Da Qin Jiao Tang
Dang Gui Nian Tong Tang
Dang Gui Yin Zi
Du Huo Ji Sheng Tang
Fang Feng Tong Sheng San
Gui Zhi Shao Yao Zhi Mu Tang
Jiu Wei Qiang Huo Tang
Juan Bi Tang
Qiang Huo Sheng Shi Tang
Shi Wei Bai Du San
Shu Jung Huo Xue Tang
Si Wu Xiao Feng Yin
Tong Xie Yao Fang
Xian Fang Huo Ming Yin
Xiao Feng San
Xie Huang San
Xin Yi San
Yu Ping Feng San
Yu Zhen San
Zai Zao San
Zhen Ren Huo Ming Yin

Cautions:

1. Yin-deficient Heat
2. Blood deficiency

Toxicity:

No toxicity was noted in acute and sub-chronic exposure to rats of oral intake of Saposhnikovia extract at doses up to 5000mg/kg/day

Main Preparations used:

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GENERAL / REVIEW: –Saposhnikovia divaricata-An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review. –Simultaneous UHPLC/MS quantitative analysis and comparison of Saposhnikoviae radix constituents in cultivated, wild and commercial products. –Chemical constituents of roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata –Studies on the method for the processing roots of cultivated Saposhnikovia divaricata ANTIBACTERIAL –Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Saposhnikovia divaricata, Peucedanum japonicum and Glehnia littoralis COVID –Roles of existing drug and drug targets for COVID-19 management. FEBRIFUGE –Comparative studies on the febrifugal analgesic and anticonvulsive activities of water extracts from cultivated and wild Saposhnikovia divaricata ANTIOXIDANT –Antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of Saposhnikovia divaricata, Peucedanum japonicum and Glehnia littoralis –Anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities of Saposhnikovia divaricata ALLERGY –Network pharmacology-based analysis of the mechanism of Saposhnikovia divaricata for the treatment of type I allergy. –Effect of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Allergic Rhinitis in Children under Data Mining. –Anti-type I allergic effects of Jing-Fang powder extracts via PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo. –Screening the anti-allergic components in Saposhnikoviae Radix using high-expression Mas-related G protein-coupled receptor X2 cell membrane chromatography online coupled with liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY –Anti-inflammatory and antiosteoarthritis effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata ethanol extract: in vitro and in vivo studies –Synergistic Effect of Notopterygium incisum and Saposhnikovia divaricata in the Anti-inflammatory Activity

ANALGESIC –Comparative studies on the febrifugal analgesic and anticonvulsive activities of water extracts from cultivated and wild Saposhnikovia divaricata –Analgesic components of saposhnikovia root (Saposhnikovia divaricata) ANTICONVULSANT –Comparative studies on the febrifugal analgesic and anticonvulsive activities of water extracts from cultivated and wild Saposhnikovia divaricata  ARTHRITIS–OSETO, RHEUMATOID –Non-target metabolomic analysis reveals the therapeutic effect of Saposhnikovia divaricata decoction on collagen-induced arthritis rats. –Anti-inflammatory and antiosteoarthritis effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata ethanol extract: in vitro and in vivo studies –The suppressive effects of Saposhnikovia divaricata (Fangfeng) chromone extract on rheumatoid arthritis –Inhibitory effect of Saposhnikovia divaricate polysaccharide on fibroblast-like synoviocytes from rheumatoid arthritis rat in vitro. LOWERS URIC ACID –Toxicological Evaluation of Saposhnikoviae Radix Water Extract and its Antihyperuricemic Potential. PSORIASIS –‘-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol ameliorates imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis and inhibits inflammatory cytokines production by suppressing the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. ANTIPROLIFERATIVE –Anti-proliferative and antioxidant activities of Saposhnikovia divaricata CANCER –Polysaccharides Derived from Saposhnikovia divaricata May Suppress Breast Cancer Through Activating Macrophages. –Polysaccharides Derived from Saposhnikovia divaricata May Suppress Breast Cancer Through Activating Macrophages –Effect of Juice and Extracts from Saposhnikovia divaricata Root on the Colon Cancer Cells Caco-2 –Chemical Constituents of the Roots and Rhizomes of Saposhnikovia divaricata and their Cytotoxic Activity –A tumor cell growth inhibitor from Saposhnikovae divaricata.