Sagapenum, Sagapen

Serapinum
Sakbinaj (Unani)
 Picture
Picture  Krauter Buch und kunstliche Conterfeyungen, 1703

 Picture Sagapen in containers for export
Krauterbuch, Lonitzer, 1578
Picture Ferula persica

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Botanical name:


Ferula persica (syn. Peucedanum persicum)

Parts used:


Gum

Temperature & Taste:


Hot, dry. Pungent

Classifications:


4j. NERVINE

Uses:


1. Clears Cold-Phlegm and Damp:
-clears Phlegm, Water and Damp from the Lungs, Stomach, Uterus, Head, Nerves and Joints

2. Clears Wind-Phlegm, Stops Spasms:
-Cramps, Convulsions

3. Warms the Uterus, Moves the Qi and Blood, Promotes Menstruation:
-Amenorrhea, Dysmenorrhea

4. Clears Wind, Resists Poison:
-Poisons

5. Externally:
-applied to Arthritic pains


Preparation:


Dissolve in Warm water, Wine, or Vinegar, then strain, and evaporate.

Dose:


Usually used in compounds
Powder: 250–1500mg (up to 3 grams had been given)

Correctives:


… available in PRO version

Substitute:


… available in PRO version
Picture

Main Combinations:


1. To purge Phlegm and resolve Wind:
i. Sagapen and … available in PRO version
ii. Sagapen with … available in PRO version
2. Edema and Back pain, Sagapen, … available in PRO version
3. Arthritis and Rheumatism, Sagapen with … available in PRO version
4. Paralysis, Hemiplegia from Wind-Damp, Sagapen, … available in PRO version
5. Paralysis, Back pain, Arthritis from Damp, Sagapen, … available in PRO version
6. All types of Cough, Sagapen, … available in PRO version
7. Difficult or labored breathing, take Sagapen with … available in PRO version
8. Obstructions of the Liver, Stomach or Spleen, Sagapen, … available in PRO version
9. To promote Menstruation:
i. Sagapen with … available in PRO version
ii. Sagapen with … available in PRO version

Major Formulas:


Foetid Pills (Mesue)
Pills of Euphorbium (Mesue)
Pills of Rhubarb (Greater) (Pil. de Raved Sceni) (Mesue)
Pills of Colchicum Greater (Mesue)
Pills of Sagapen
Pills of Opopanax (De morbus internis curandis)
Pills for Apoplexy (Arnold de Villa Nova)
Pills to Aggregate Greater (Mesue)
Troches of Myrrh (Rhasis)
Electuary of Gums (Zenon)
Electuary of Bayberries (Electuarium de Baccis Lauri)

Cautions:


1. Avoid in Pregnancy
2. It irritates the stomach of susceptible people, so should be corrected as described above.
3. Not used in Yin deficiency

Main Preparations used:


Purified Sagapen
‘The history of this drug is involved in obscurity, and up to tho present time its botanical source is unknown. From tho examination of portions of the plant found in parcels of the drug received in Bombay, it would appear to be the produce of a Ferula of much the same habit as that producing galbanum. Sagapenum was known to the Greeks, and through them the early Arabic writers probably became acquainted with its medicinal properties. I see no reason to suppose that the ancient Hindus knew the drug, although Kundel is in some books given as the Sanskrit and Hindi name for it. The author of the Makhzan-el-Adwiya gives a sufficiently accurate description of Sagbinaj, and tells us that it is obtained from the district of Mah, near Ispahan. Persian brokers in Bombay inform me that the drug
brought to this market is collected in the country between Shiraz and Kirman. It is necessary to remark that Persian Sagapenum is distinctly different from what is known as Levant Sagapenum. Mahometan physicians consider Sagapenum to be attenuant and resolvent; when combined with purgatives it is thought to exert its resolvent power upon every part of the system, removing noxious humours; they also value it as an anthelmintic and emmenagogue. For a full account of the diseases in which it is prescribed, I must refer the reader to the Makhzan-el-Adwiya, article Sagbinaj. A sagapenum pill is often prescribed in flatulent dyspepsia; it contains equal parts of Aloes, Sagapenum, Bdellium and Agaric. Two to three dirhems are to be taken with warm water. (Vegetable Materia Medica of Western India, Dymock, 1885)
GENERAL / REVIEW:
–Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ferula persica Boiss.: A review

ANTIBACTERIAL
–Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ferula persica Boiss.: A review

ANTI-FUNGAL
–Identification of Antifungal Compounds from Ferula persica. var. persica.

ANTI-INFLAMMATORY
–Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ferula persica Boiss.: A review

NEUROPATHIC PAIN
–Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ferula persica Boiss.: A review

CANCER
–Farnesiferol A from Ferula persica and galbanic acid from Ferula szowitsiana inhibit P-glycoprotein-mediated rhodamine efflux in breast cancer cell lines.
–Two matrix metalloproteinases inhibitors from Ferula persica var. persica.
–Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ferula persica Boiss.: A review

REVERSAL OF MULTI-DRUG RESISTANT CANCER
–Phytochemistry and pharmacology of Ferula persica Boiss.: A review

WOUNDS
–Stereological and molecular studies on the effects of Ferula persica extract on wound healing in rats.