Rabdosia, Dong Ling Cao 冬淩草

Japanese Rabdosia
Dong Ling Cao, Si Leng Gan (TCM)
Yog Mo ཡོག་མོ་ (Tibetan Medicine)
Isodon rubescens
(Photo by Lixiaozhuo123) (Wikimedia)

Botanical name:

Rabdosia spp. (syn Isodon spp.)
  1. R. rubescens
  2. R. japonica
  3. R. rubescens var. glaucocalyx
In China there are a large number of Isodon and Rabdosia species that are used similarly.

Parts used:

Herb

Temperature & Taste:

Cool, dry. Bitter, Sweet

Classification:

B. Clears Heat and Toxin

Uses:

1. Clears Heat, Resists Toxin:
-Sore Throat, Tonsillitis
-Cold, Influenza
-Hepatitis, Gastritis
-Snake and Insect Bites

2. Moves the Blood, Eases Pain:
-Muscle and Joint pain
-Amenorrhea, Dysmenorrhea
-Trauma, Bruising (TCM)
-Wounds (Tibet)

3. Resists Toxin, Resolves Masses:
-Mastitis
-Tumors and Cancer (TCM, Tibet)
-recently used for Cancer of Esophagus, Liver, Prostate, Ovarian, Melanoma, Leukemia etc.

Dose:

Decoction: 30–60 grams

Main Combinations:

1. Common Cold, Flu, Rabdosia with Forsythia Lian Qiao, Isatis Da Qing Ye
2. Amenorrhea, Rabdosia, Dang Gui, Motherwort
3. Cancer:
i. Rabdosia, Solanum nigrum
ii. Rabdosia, Scutellaria Bai Zhi Lian, Hedyotis Bai Hua She She Cao
iii. Prostate Cancer, Rabdosia, Scutellaria Huang Qin, Isatis Da Qing Ye, Notoginseng San Qi, Chrysanthemum Ju Hua, Ganoderma Ling Zhi, Licorice, Saw Palmetto (Chen & Chen)

Major Formulas:

Cautions:

1. Some people may experience nausea, vomiting, diarrhea and abdominal discomfort with use.

Main Preparations used:

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• Extra Info
  
• Research

Last updated 2/21

1. GENERAL / REVIEW: –[Studies on the chemical constituents of Rabdosia rubescens]. 2. ANTI-BACTERIAL, MRSA: –The antibacterial mechanism of oridonin against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). 3. ANTI-VIRAL: –Monomeric and dimeric ent-kauranoid-type diterpenoids from rabdosia japonica and their cytotoxicity and anti-HBV activities. 4. ANTI-INFLAMMATORY: –Anti-inflammatory effects of glaucocalyxin B in microglia cells. 5. ANTIOXIDANTS: –Antioxidants from Rabdosia japonica. 6. GINGIVITIS: –Efficacy of rabdosia rubescens in the treatment of gingivitis. 7. CHRONIC PHARYNGITIS: –[Therapeutic effect of Rabdosia rubescens aqueous extract on chronic pharyngitis and its safety]. 8. CEREBRAL ANOXIA: –Effect of total flavonoid in rabdosia rubescens on tolerant mice models under cerebral anoxia. 9. ANTI-PARKINSON’S: –Glaucocalyxin B Alleviates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Parkinson’s Disease by Inhibiting TLR/NF-κB and Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Pathway. 10. TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY: –Neuroprotective Effect of Oridonin on Traumatic Brain Injury via Inhibiting NLRP3 Inflammasome in Experimental Mice. 11. HEPATOPROTECTIVE: –Hepatoprotective effects of oridonin against bisphenol A induced liver injury in rats via inhibiting the activity of xanthione oxidase. 12. OSTEOARTHRITIS: –Oridonin inhibits IL-1β-induced inflammation in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes by activating PPAR-γ. 13. RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS: –Oridonin Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Rheumatoid Arthritis Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. 14. CROHN’S DISEASE: –Oridonin’s therapeutic effect: suppressing Th1/Th17 simultaneously in a mouse model of Crohn’s disease. 15. CYSTIC FIBROSIS: –Oridonin: a small molecule inhibitor of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) isolated from traditional Chinese medicine. 16. SUPPRESSES TRANSPLANT REJECTION: –Oridonin suppresses transplant rejection by depleting T cells from the periphery. 17. INHIBITS PLATELET ACTIVATION AND THROMBUS: –Glaucocalyxin A inhibits platelet activation and thrombus formation preferentially via GPVI signaling pathway. 18. MELANOGENESIS INHIBITORS: –Melanogenesis inhibitors from Rabdosia japonica. 19. CYTOTOXIC: –Monomeric and dimeric ent-kauranoid-type diterpenoids from rabdosia japonica and their cytotoxicity and anti-HBV activities. 20. TUMOR: –[Studies on the antitumor constituent of Rabdosia japonica (Burm. f) Hara. The structures of rabdosin A and B]. –[Studies on the antitumor diterpenoid constituents of Rabdosia japonica (Burm. f) Hara II. The structures of Rabdosin C]. –Anti-tumor activity of oridonin on SNU-5 subcutaneous xenograft model via regulation of c-Met pathway. 21. ANTI-ANGIOGENIC: –Antiangiogenic effects of oridonin. –Ponicidin and oridonin are responsible for the antiangiogenic activity of Rabdosia rubescens, a constituent of the herbal supplement PC SPES. –Targeting angiogenesis with integrative cancer therapies. 22. ANTI-METASTATIC: –An Insight into the Anti-Angiogenic and Anti-Metastatic Effects of Oridonin: Current Knowledge and Future Potential. –Oridonin inhibits breast cancer growth and metastasis through blocking the Notch signaling. –Oridonin inhibits migration, invasion, adhesion and TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of melanoma cells by inhibiting the activity of PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. –Oridonin induces apoptosis, inhibits migration and invasion on highly-metastatic human breast cancer cells. 23. CANCER: –Ent-kaurane diterpenoids from Rabdosia rubescens and their cytotoxic effects on human cancer cell lines. –Ponicidin as a promising anticancer agent: Its biological and biopharmaceutical profile along with a molecular docking study. –The cytostatic and cytotoxic effects of oridonin (Rubescenin), a diterpenoid from Rabdosia rubescens, on tumor cells of different lineage. –Oridonin, a promising antitumor natural product in the chemotherapy of hematological malignancies. –Oridonin induces growth inhibition and apoptosis of a variety of human cancer cells. BLADDER: –Glaucocalyxin A induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis through the PI3K/Akt pathway in human bladder cancer cells. BREAST: –Rabdosia rubescens inhibits breast cancer growth and angiogenesis. –Differential control of growth, cell cycle progression, and expression of NF-kappaB in human breast cancer cells MCF-7, MCF-10A, and MDA-MB-231 by ponicidin and oridonin, diterpenoids from the chinese herb Rabdosia rubescens. –Oridonin inhibits aberrant AKT activation in breast cancer. –Oridonin inhibits breast cancer growth and metastasis through blocking the Notch signaling. –[Effect of oridonin on apoptosis and intracellular reactive oxygen species level in triple-negative breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells]. –Oridonin induces apoptosis, inhibits migration and invasion on highly-metastatic human breast cancer cells. –A new oridonin analog suppresses triple-negative breast cancer cells and tumor growth via the induction of death receptor 5. CERVICAL: –Glaucocalyxin B induces apoptosis and autophagy in human cervical cancer cells. –Oridonin induces apoptosis via PI3K/Akt pathway in cervical carcinoma HeLa cell line. COLORECTAL: –ROS/JNK/c-Jun axis is involved in oridonin-induced caspase-dependent apoptosis in human colorectal cancer cells. –The inhibitory effect of oridonin on colon cancer was mediated by deactivation of TGF-β1/Smads-PAI-1 signaling pathway in vitro and vivo. –Oridonin-induced apoptosis in SW620 human colorectal adenocarcinoma cells. –Oridonin inhibits the proliferation of human colon cancer cells by upregulating BMP7 to activate p38 MAPK. –Oridonin triggers apoptosis in colorectal carcinoma cells and suppression of microRNA-32 expression augments oridonin-mediated apoptotic effects. –The anticancer effect of oridonin is mediated by fatty acid synthase suppression in human colorectal cancer cells. –Downregulation of AP-1 gene expression is an initial event in the oridonin-mediated inhibition of colorectal cancer: studies in vitro and in vivo. –Effects of oridonin on proliferation of HT29 human colon carcinoma cell lines both in vitro and in vivo in mice.

CANCER CONTINUED: ESOPHAGEAL: –Targeting AKT with Oridonin Inhibits Growth of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma In Vitro and Patient-Derived Xenografts In Vivo. –[Potentiation by Rabdosia rubescens on chemotherapy of advanced esophageal carcinoma]. –Involvement of Glutathione Depletion in Selective Cytotoxicity of Oridonin to p53-Mutant Esophageal Squamous Carcinoma Cells. –OP16 induces deadly autophagy and apoptosis of cells by inhibiting Akt in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. –Oridonin-induced mitochondria-dependent apoptosis in esophageal cancer cells by inhibiting PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf pathways. –Gene expression profiling and pathway network analysis of anti-tumor activity by Jaridon 6 in esophageal cancer. –Jaridonin-induced G2/M phase arrest in human esophageal cancer cells is caused by reactive oxygen species-dependent Cdc2-tyr15 phosphorylation via ATM-Chk1/2-Cdc25C pathway. –Preliminary-study of the effect of selected chinese natural drugs on human ovarian-cancer cells. GALL BLADDER: –Oridonin induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of gallbladder cancer cells via the mitochondrial pathway. GASTRIC: –Oridonin Suppresses Human Gastric Cancer Growth in Vitro and in Vivo via Inhibition of VEGF, Integrin β3, and PCNA. –Oridonin induces growth inhibition and apoptosis in human gastric carcinoma cells by enhancement of p53 expression and function. –Oridonin induces apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway in human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells. –Downregulation of Cdk1 and cyclinB1 expression contributes to oridonin-induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and growth inhibition in SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells. GLIOBLASTOMA: –Glaucocalyxin A, a negative Akt regulator, specifically induces apoptosis in human brain glioblastoma U87MG cells. HEAD AND NECK CANCER: –Cytotoxicity of herbal extracts used for treatment of prostatic disease on head and neck carcinoma cell lines and non-malignant primary mucosal cells. KIDNEY: –Targeting 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 associated with drug-resistant renal cell carcinoma using new oridonin analogs. LARYNGEAL CANCER: –Inhibition of caspase-9 by oridonin, a diterpenoid isolated from Rabdosia rubescens, augments apoptosis in human laryngeal cancer cells. –Oridonin Induces Apoptosis of Laryngeal Carcinoma via Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. –Molecular mechanisms of apoptosis and autophagy elicited by combined treatment with oridonin and cetuximab in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. –Combined oridonin with cetuximab treatment shows synergistic anticancer effects on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma: involvement of inhibition of EGFR and activation of reactive oxygen species-mediated JNK pathway. –Inhibition of EGFR signaling augments oridonin-induced apoptosis in human laryngeal cancer cells via enhancing oxidative stress coincident with activation of both the intrinsic and extrinsic apoptotic pathways. LEUKEMIA: –Glaucocalyxin A induces apoptosis in human leukemia HL-60 cells through mitochondria-mediated death pathway. –Glaucocalyxin A and B-induced cell death is related to GSH perturbation in human leukemia HL-60 cells. –Oridonin induces the apoptosis of mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell lines in a myeloid cell leukemia‑1‑dependent manner. –Synergistic antitumor activity of oridonin and valproic acid on HL-60 leukemia cells. –A novel combination of oridonin and valproic acid in enhancement of apoptosis induction of HL-60 leukemia cells. –Oridonin effectively reverses the drug resistance of cisplatin involving induction of cell apoptosis and inhibition of MMP expression in human acute myeloid leukemia cells. –Oridonin induces NPM mutant protein translocation and apoptosis in NPM1c+ acute myeloid leukemia cells in vitro. –Oridonin-induced apoptosis in leukemia K562 cells and its mechanism. –Apoptosis inducing and differentiation enhancement effect of oridonin on the all-trans-retinoic acid-sensitive and -resistant acute promyelocytic leukemia cells. –Antiproliferation effects of ponicidin on human myeloid leukemia cells in vitro. LIVER: –Effects of glaucocalyxin A on human liver cancer cells as revealed by GC/MS- and LC/MS-based metabolic profiling. LUNG: –Oridonin inhibits the migration and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition of small cell lung cancer cells by suppressing FAK-ERK1/2 signalling pathway. –Ponicidin, an ent-kaurane diterpenoid derived from a constituent of the herbal supplement PC-SPES, Rabdosia rubescens, induces apoptosis by activation of caspase-3 and mitochondrial events in lung cancer cells in vitro. –Oridonin enhances the radiosensitivity of lung cancer cells by upregulating Bax and downregulating Bcl-2. –Oridonin inhibits mTOR signaling and the growth of lung cancer tumors. LYMPH CANCER / LYMPHOMA: –Oridonin, a diterpenoid purified from Rabdosia rubescens, inhibits the proliferation of cells from lymphoid malignancies in association with blockade of the NF-kappa B signal pathways. –Reactive oxygen species mediate oridonin-induced apoptosis through DNA damage response and activation of JNK pathway in diffuse large B cell lymphoma. MELANOMA: –Effects of phenolic compounds isolated from Rabdosia japonica on B16-F10 melanoma cells. –Glaucocalyxin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via inhibiting NF-κB/p65 signaling pathway in melanoma cells. –Oridonin inhibits migration, invasion, adhesion and TGF-β1-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition of melanoma cells by inhibiting the activity of PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. –The effects of oridonin on cell growth, cell cycle, cell migration and differentiation in melanoma cells. –Oridonin induces human melanoma A375-S2 cell death partially through inhibiting insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor signaling. MYELOMA: –Proteomic analysis of oridonin-induced apoptosis in multiple myeloma cells. NASOPHARYNGEAL: –Oridonin Induces Apoptosis in Human Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Cells Involving ROS Generation. –Oridonin inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition of human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by negatively regulating AKT/STAT3 signaling pathway. NEUROBLASTOMA: –Oridonin enhances the anticancer activity of NVP-BEZ235 against neuroblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo through autophagy. ORAL CANCER: –Oridonin inhibits oral cancer growth and PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. –Oridonin induces apoptosis in human oral cancer cells via phosphorylation of histone H2AX. –Oridonin induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in human oral squamous cell carcinoma. OSTEOSARCOMA: –Glaucocalyxin A exerts anticancer effect on osteosarcoma by inhibiting GLI1 nuclear translocation via regulating PI3K/Akt pathway. –Oridonin induced apoptosis through Akt and MAPKs signaling pathways in human osteosarcoma cells. OVARIAN: –Oridonin Suppresses Proliferation of Human Ovarian Cancer Cells via Blockage of mTOR Signaling. –Preliminary-study of the effect of selected chinese natural drugs on human ovarian-cancer cells. PANCREATIC: –Oridonin inhibits BxPC-3 cell growth through cell apoptosis. –Oridonin induces apoptosis in SW1990 pancreatic cancer cells via p53- and caspase-dependent induction of p38 MAPK. PROSTATE: –Oridonin induces G2/M cell cycle arrest and apoptosis via the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in hormone-independent prostate cancer cells. –Analysis of the interactions of botanical extract combinations against the viability of prostate cancer cell lines. –Mechanism of action of herbal supplement PC-SPES: elucidation of effects of individual herbs of PC-SPES on proliferation and prostate specific gene expression in androgen-dependent LNCaP cells. –Role of herbal compounds (PC-SPES) in hormone-refractory prostate cancer: two case reports. SARCOMA: –Synergistic effect of oridonin and cisplatin on cytotoxicity and DNA cross-link against mouse sarcoma S180 cells in culture.