Liver Cancer
There are several types of primary Liver Cancer- Hepatocellular carcinoma–by far the most common
- Hepatoblastoma
- Hepatic Cholangiocarcinoma, etc.
Symptoms
- Loss of appetite
- losing weight
- nausea, vomiting
- upper abdominal pain or discomfort
- weakness and fatigue
- yellowing of the skin and eyes.
Risk Factors
- Chronic Hepatitis B or C
- Cirrhosis
- Fatty Liver disease
- Diabetes
- Alcoholic Liver disease
- Some inherited Liver diseases
- Exposure to certain toxins
Due to the higher incidence of Liver Cancer in China and the poor treatment options a focus has been made on formulas effective to prevent Liver Cancer in populations at risk, such as those with chronic Hepatitis or Cirrhosis. Xiao Chai Hu Tang has been found especially useful to prevent Liver carcinogenesis.
Chinese medicine was found to be very effective at reducing the rate of Hepatocellular Cancer in those with chronic Hepatitis B. (see here)
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Western Tradition Simples
Suggested Formulas Tincture of Pill Millipedes Tincture of Black Nightshade Decoction of Dodder of Thyme (Mesue) Decoction of Dodder of Thyme (Rhasis) Decoction for Cancer (Fuller) Decoction for Cancer (Model Botanic Guide to Health) Syrup of Fumitory Greater Syrup of Fumitory Compound (Augustana) Syrup of Dodder of Thyme (Mesue) Syrup of Betony (Pharmacopoeia Augustana) Powder of Gum Lacca Greater (Dialacca Maj.) (Mesue) Indian Pills (Mesue) Pills for Melancholy (Unani) Arab Confect Purging Melancholy (Confectio Hamech) |
Chinese Classification Simples
Formulas To support in Chronic conditions and those with Qi deficiency, or during or after Chemo- or Radio-therapy. Dan Zhi Xiao Yao San Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang Bu Zhong Yi Qi Tang Xiao Chai Hu Tang |
Special Formula
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Yanggan Jiedu Sanjie Ligustrum Nu zhen zi 12 g, Duchesnea indica She Mei 15 g, Solanum nigrum Long Kui 15 g, Scutellaria barbata Ban Zhi Lian 30 g, Euphorbia helioscopia Ze Qi 15 g, Ranunculus ternatus root Mao Zhua Cao 15 g, Curcuma Yu Jin 15 g Polygonum cuspidatum root Hu Zhang 15 g This formula has been created specifically for Liver cancer and has proven efficacy against Liver Cancer cells and to stop metastasis of Liver Cancer. Gan Ji Formula Codonopsis Dang Shen Atractylodes Bai Zhu Imperata Bai Mao Gen Oyster shell (Mu Li) Soft-shelled Turtle Shell (Bie Jia) Aconitum gymnandrum Ze Lan Citrus Chen Pi Ranunculus ternatus Mao Zhua Cao Abrus cantonensis Ji Gu Cao Hedyotis Bai Hua She She Cao Solanum lyratum Bai Ying Scutellaria barbata Ban Zhi Lian Ficus pumila Bi Li Guo Actinidia arguta Teng Li Gen This has been used for early stage primary Liver Cancer. When combined with surgery, it improved survival rate. (See here) Liver Cancer Scutellaria Ban Zhi Lian Soft-shelled Turtle shell Bie Jia Salvia Dan Shen Paeonia Bai Shao Solanum nigrum Long Kui Trichosanthes Tian Hua Fen Jin Long Capsule Bungarus Jin Qian Bai Hua She Agkistrodon Qi She Gecko Ge Jie This capsule, prepared from three animal medicines (the first 2 are species of viper), has been found to be effective in improving survival rate in Hepatocellular Carcinoma when combined with conventional therapy. (See here) Fuzheng Xiaoliu Granule Astragalus Huang Qi Smilax china L. (Baqia, BQ), Codonopsis Dang Shen Atractylodes Bai Zhu Paeonia Bai Shao Salvia Dan Shen Carapax Trionycis Bie Jia Oyster shell (Mu Li) Actinidia valvata Mao Ren Shen Citrius Chen Pi Bupleurum Chai Hu Licorice (Gan Cao) This is a prescription of the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine. There has been lots of clinical use and research proving its effectiveness. (See here and here) |
Liver Cancer Formula Pseudostellaria Tai Zi Shen Panax majoris root Atractylodes Bai Zhu Poria Fu Ling Salvia miltiorrhiza Dan Shen Lonicera Jin Yin Hua Serobilanthes root Oyster shell (Mu Li) Prunella Xia Ku Cao Soft-shelled Turtle Shell Bie Jia Chinese Rose Mei Gui Hua Prunus mume Wu Mei Earthworm (Di Long) Akebia fruit Arisaema Tian Nan Xing This was used for 123 cases of advanced Liver cancer with a reported one year survival rate or 32% (see here) Liver Cancer from Qi Stagnation Bupleurum Chai Hu Paeonia Bai Shao Curcuma Yu Jin Immature Tangerine peel Qing Pi Scutellaria barbata Ban Zhi Lian Indigo (Qing Dai) Liver Cancer from Damp Heat Artemisia scoparia Yin Chen Hao Rhubarb (Da Huang) Gardenia Zhi Zi Turmeric (Jiang Huang) Pariis Chong Lou Forsythia Lian Qiao Lysmachia Jin Qian Cao Dandelion (Pu Gong Yin) Phytolacca Shang Lu China root (Tu Fu Ling) Liver Cancer with Deficiency of the Spleen and Liver Pseudostellaria Tai Zi Shen Glehnia Sha Shen Dang Gui Pharbitidis Qian Niu Zi Lobelia chinensis Ban Bian Lian Artemisia annua Qing Hao Paeonia Mu Dan Pi Magnolia Hou Po Jian Pi Hou Xue Decoction Astragalus Huang Qi Paeonia Chi Shao Codonopsis Dang Shen Angelica Dang-Gui Zedoary (E-Zhu) and other herbs Reduces occurrence of Liver Cancer in those with Hepatits and Cirrhosis. |
Research
GENERAL / REVIEW:–Impact of Traditional Chinese Medicine on Prognosis of Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Retrospective Cohort Study
HERBS
Andrographis
–In vivo inhibitory activity of andrographolide derivative ADN-9 against liver cancer and its mechanisms involved in inhibition of tumor angiogenesis.
Boswellia:
–CD8+ T cells mediate the antitumor activity of frankincense and myrrh in hepatocellular carcinoma
Cannabis
–Preclinical and Clinical Assessment of Cannabinoids as Anti-Cancer Agents
–Anti-tumoral action of cannabinoids on hepatocellular carcinoma: role of AMPK-dependent activation of autophagy
Costus:
–6-Hydroxy-3-O-methyl-kaempferol 6-O-glucopyranoside potentiates the anti-proliferative effect of interferon α/β by promoting activation of the JAK/STAT signaling by inhibiting SOCS3 in hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
–Volatile oil from Saussurea lappa exerts antitumor efficacy by inhibiting epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.
–Dehydrocostuslactone, a medicinal plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone, induces apoptosis coupled to endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cancer cells.
–Active compounds from Saussurea lappa Clarks that suppress hepatitis B virus surface antigen gene expression in human hepatoma cells.
Crocus
–Saffron carotenoids inhibit STAT3 activation and promote apoptotic progression in IL-6-stimulated liver cancer cells.
Hedyotis:
–Network pharmacology prediction and experiment validation of anti-liver cancer activity of Curcumae Rhizoma and Hedyotis diffusa Willd.
–Network-based pharmacology-based research on the effect and mechanism of the Hedyotis diffusa-Scutellaria Barbata pair in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.
–Network Pharmacology Analysis and Experimental Verification on Antiangiogenesis Mechanism of Hedyotis diffusa Willd in Liver Cancer.
–The Characteristics and Mortality of Chinese Herbal Medicine Users among Newly Diagnosed Inoperable Huge Hepatocellular Carcinoma (≥10 cm) Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study with Exploration of Core Herbs.
–Hedyotis diffusa Willd. Suppresses Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Downregulating AKT/mTOR Pathways.
–Anticancer Effects of 1,3-Dihydroxy-2-Methylanthraquinone and the Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Hedyotis Diffusa Willd against HepG2 Carcinoma Cells Mediated via Apoptosis.
Licorice
–Licochalcone B Extracted from Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch Induces Apoptotic Effects in Human Hepatoma Cell HepG2.
–Glycyrrhiza polysaccharide induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation of human hepatocellular carcinoma cells by blocking PI3K/AKT signal pathway.
Lycium Gou Qi Zi
–In Vitro Protective Effects of Lycium barbarum Berries Cultivated in Umbria (Italy) on Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells.
–Composition of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides and their apoptosis-inducing effect on human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells.
Myrrh
–Commiphora myrrha (Nees) Engl. resin extracts induce phase-I cytochrome P450 2C8, 2C9, 2C19, and 3A4 isoenzyme expressions in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2) cells.
–Frankincense myrrh attenuates hepatocellular carcinoma by regulating tumor blood vessel development through multiple epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling pathways.
–The Therapeutic Effect of Myrrh (Commiphora molmol) and Doxorubicin on Diethylnitrosamine Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis in Male Albino Rats.
–Commiphora molmol resin attenuates diethylnitrosamine/phenobarbital-induced hepatocarcinogenesis by modulating oxidative stress, inflammation, angiogenesis and Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signaling.
–Potential chemoprevention of diethylnitrosamine-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats: myrrh (Commiphora molmol) vs. turmeric (Curcuma longa).
Rabdosia
–Effects of glaucocalyxin A on human liver cancer cells as revealed by GC/MS- and LC/MS-based metabolic profiling.
Rheum, Rhubarb
–Apoptosis induction in MDA-MB-435S, Hep3B and PC-3 cell lines by Rheum emodi rhizome extracts.
–Emodin inhibits migration and invasion of MHCC-97H human hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
–Emodin induces hepatocellular carcinoma cell apoptosis through MAPK and PI3K/AKT signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo.
–Inhibitory effect of emodin on human hepatoma cell line SMMC-7721 and its mechanism.
Rubia, Madder
–Ameliorative effect of methanol extract of Rubia cordifolia in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma.
Salvia Dan Shen
–A network pharmacology-based study on the anti-hepatoma effect of Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae
Saussurea, Mu Xiang
–Volatile oil from Saussurea lappa exerts antitumor efficacy by inhibiting epithelial growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase-mediated signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma.
–Dehydrocostuslactone, a medicinal plant-derived sesquiterpene lactone, induces apoptosis coupled to endoplasmic reticulum stress in liver cancer cells.
–Active compounds from Saussurea lappa Clarks that suppress hepatitis B virus surface antigen gene expression in human hepatoma cells.
Shilajit
–Mineral pitch induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation via modulating reactive oxygen species in hepatic cancer cells.
Solanum nigrum
–Cytotoxicity of hydro-alcoholic extracts of Cucurbitapepo and Solanum nigrum on HepG2 and CT26 cancer cell line
–Integrated Treatment of Aqueous Extract of Solanum nigrum-Potentiated Cisplatin- and Doxorubicin-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells
–Immunohistochemical, histopathological study and chemoprotective effect of Solanum nigrum in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced hepatocellular carcinoma in Wistar rats
–Evaluation of uttroside B, a saponin from Solanum nigrum Linn, as a promising chemotherapeutic agent against hepatocellular carcinoma
–Solanum nigrum polysaccharide inhibits tumor growth in H22-bearing mice through regulation of caspase-3 and bcl-2.
–Induction of apoptosis in human hepatoma SMMC-7721 cells by solamargine from Solanum nigrum L.
–Solanum nigrum L. polyphenolic extract inhibits hepatocarcinoma cell growth by inducing G2/M phase arrest and apoptosis.
–Polyphenol-rich extracts from Solanum nigrum attenuated PKC alpha-mediated migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cells.
–Hydro-alcoholic extracts of Solanum Nigrii were cytotoxic against Liver Cancer cell lines, being more effective than extracts of Taxus baccata. (Shokrzadeh et al., Pharmacogn Mag, Jul 2010)
–A polyphenolic extract prepared from Solanum Nigrii was tested against HepG(2) Hepatocellular Cancer cells. The extract in doses of 1µ mL decreased tumor weight and volume by 90% in vivo and in vitro, inhibiting the cells in a dose-dependent manner. 2 µ mL doses caused an almost total elimination of tumor mass and tumor volume. (Wang et al., J Sci Food Agric, Jan 2011)
–Solamargine was isolated and purified from Solanum Nigrii, and tested against a number of cell lines. It showed significant inhibition of 6 cell lines, with strong inhibition of Liver Cancer (H22) and Ehrlich ascites tumor cell lines in doses of 2.4mg x kg dose i.v. (Tang et al., Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi, Aug 2011)
–Further, Solamargine was shown to induce apoptosis in human Hepatoma cells. (Ding et al., J Ethno-pharmacol, Jan 2012)
Tribulus, Ci Ji Li
–Aqueous extract of Tribulus terrestris Linn induces cell growth arrest and apoptosis by down-regulating NF-κB signaling in liver cancer cells.
–[Investigation on inhibitory and apoptosis-inducing effects of saponins from Tribulus terrestris on hepatoma cell line BEL-7402].
Withania
–Antioxidant activity and apoptotic induction as mechanisms of action of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) against a hepatocellular carcinoma cell line.